Medicinal uses: The fruit of Phyllanthus emblica has many medicinal uses. Algae alkaloids Allelopathy arbuscules Aspergillus nidulans Bryophytes and Pteridophytes Celpholeuros Chemosynthesis Chemosynthesis vs Photosynthesis Citrus Canker Classification of alkaloids Dasa pushpam definition Mycorrhiza dicot stem Dicot Stem Anatomy … Fresh leaf juice is useful in arthritis and scabies. Keywords: Euphorbiaceae, Taxonomy, medicinal plants, folk medicine, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, Research in Plant Sciences, 2013 1 (3), The colored bracts, which are most often flaming red but can be orange, pale green, cream, pink, white or marbled, are often mistaken for flower petals because of their groupings and colors, but are actually leaves. It is chiefly used in affections of childhood, in worms, bowel complaints and cough. New York. 1Plant Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh. (This presentation made from using some of web references to only use for academic purposes) ... • Uses: whole plant-medicinal. The Seeds cause insanity and act as an emetic. Taxonomy and Medicinal Uses of Euphorbiaceae (Spurge) Family of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. The collected specimens were identified by studying related taxonomic books and booklets from the library of Rajshahi University. ava (Manihot esculenta), castor oil plant (Ricinus communis), Barbados nut (Jatropha curcas), and the Para rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). The tuberous root of Mani hot esculent (tapioca) is very much rich in starch and creates important food stuff. The stem is chewed as a remedy for toothache. 1981. Taxonomic description: A much-branched, dioecious shrub, up to 2m tall, young shoots tomentose, sparingly puberulous or glabrescent. A total of 16 species under 8 genera belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae were collected and identified. Euphorbiaceae, spurge family of flowering plants (order Malpighiales), containing some 6,745 species in 218 genera. It is an effective drug for bronchial asthma. Bangladesh National Herbarium, BARC, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Logout. The poinsettia (Euphorbia), croton (Codiaeum), and crown-of-thorns are ornamental plants from this family. (2.8–6.3 in) in length. Leaves are simple, alternately arranged, dark green, shiny, elliptic-oblong, distantly serrated. Many members, such as cassava, are important sources of food. The plant bears dark green dentate leaves that measure 7–16 cm. The results obtained in the investigation need to be rigorously subjected to pharmachemical analysis in order to validate their authenticity and future prospects. Ornamental plants: The plants of this family have attractive colours. The Plant List includes 16,849 scientific plant names of species rank for the family Euphorbiaceae. However, they are poor in protein and other nutrients. Small white flowers with creamy bracts bloom at the ends of the branches in summer.With its woody stems and oval-shaped leaves, this perennial looks a lot like a tree. Acalypha cardiophylla is the proper name for Philippine plants previously identified as Acalypha caturus. Asiat. 2. A decoction of the leaves is given in earache. The major collected materials were identified and described up to species with the help of the consulted documents [1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11]. abstract Euphorbiaceae is among the large flowering plant families consisting of a wide variety of vegetative forms some of which are plants of great importance. Leaf juice is emetic for children. Juice of the plant is used for ringworm, diarrhea and dysentery; mixed with fresh goat milk is given to cure blood dysentery. Leaf paste with lime juice prescribed for ringworm. Stipules may be reduced to hairs, glands, or spines, or in succulent species are sometimes absent. The main objectives of this work was to do a detailed study on the taxonomic and medicinal aspects of the family Euphorbiaceae occurring in Rajshahi city, Bangladesh. It has pendant branches and dark grey bark having horizontal lenticels. Leaves stipulate, stipules slender, multifid, petiolate, leaf blade cordate, dark bronze coloured. Box wood: Box wood ;s obtained from Buxus specie It is best wood for wood engraving. Latex is vesicant and rubefacient and used in the treatment of warts, rheumatism and toothache. Habitat: Dryland where it is grown as hedge plant. Euphorbiaceae family plant and their literature review found in the different journal articles. Like other members of the euphorbia family, it has milky sap and tiny flowers. Root is used in amenorrhea. The root is used as a vesicant. Leaves opposite, 1.3-3.8 cm long, obliquely oblong-lanceolate or obovate-lanceolate, serrulate or dentate. Of these 6,511 are accepted species names. Leaves 2.5-7.5 cm long, ovate or rhomboid-ovate, crenate-serrate. … Prominent plants include cass. Arg. Female flowers: sessile, sepals 3-4, triangular, ovate, 0.7 mm long, acute, ovary subglobose, trilobate, styles free to the base, 5-7 mm long, bright red. The leaves are found mainly on new growth, and are obovate, up to 3.5 cm long and 1.5 cm broad. They are mainly simple, but where compound, are always palmate, never pinnate. For each species botanical name, local name, habit, habitat, flower colour, flowering season, chromosome number and medicinal uses have been mentioned. One of the largest genera of flowering plants is Euphorbia with approximately 2,000 species. In homoepathy, the plant is used in severe cough associated with bleeding from lungs, haemoptysis and incipient phthisis. A sum of 8 medicinal plants from Euphorbiaceae family was reported as being used to cure human being and other animal’s ailments. Detailed survey was made to gather and document information regarding use of the plants as medicine. Female flowers: calyx and corolla lobes twiceas many as in the male flowers, otherwise similar, ovary trilobite-subglobose. Flowers in numerous lax, erect, elongated axillary spikes, the male minute, clustered near the summit of the spike, the females scattered, surrounded by a large, dentate, cuneiform bracts. The present study was based on the intensive field of the study area during the period of September 2012 to August 2013. 1961. Inflorescence terminal, 5-9 cm long, sparsely stellate-hairy to subglabrous. The paste of root with decoction of stem bark of Terminalia arjuna (3:2) used to treat cholera. An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants. The radially symmetrical flowers are unisexual, with the male and the female flowers usually occurring on the same plant. Search all titles. Rahman, A.H. M.M. This detailed information will be helpful for the pharmacognosist, botanist, ethno-botanist and pharmacologist for the collection and identification of the plant for further research works. Most spurges are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees. It is also toxic if eaten, though in small quantities, it has been used in herbal medicine to treat gastric ulcers. Cyathia very shortly pedunculate to subsessile, glands yellow, rounded, entire. Involucres axillary, solitary or 2-3 in an axil, campanulate, 0.8 mm long. Taxonomic description: A tall slender, evergreen, soft-wooded shrub. It is the fourth or fifth largest family of plants. Taxonomic description: A much-branched, evergreen shrub, up to 1.5 m tall, twigs pale brownish-grey, young parts evenly pubescent to subglabrous. Many are grown as ornamental plants, such as poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima). A red dye, obtained from the bark is used to stain … The flowers are small, subtended by a pair of conspicuous petal-like bracts, variably red, pink or white, up to 12 mm broad. Seeds paste is used as counter irritant. Taxonomy and medicinal uses of the family Euphorbiaceae growing throughout the Rajshahi city, Bangladesh were studied during September 2012 to August 2013. Seeds compressed, ovoid-ellipsoid, pale grayish-brown. Taxonomic description: An erect, bright green, fleshy annual herb, up to 50 cm tall, sparingly pilose to glabrescent. The paper has only documented the herbal health remedies presently in vogue in the region and does not prescribe or recommend for their use till further determination by the pharmacologist. It is also grown as an ornamental plant.The leaves and the seeds are used as purgative. Seeds with a ventral ridge, albumen fleshy. B. Floral gigantism in. In contrast, cassava leaves are a good source of protein (rich in lysine) but deficient in the amino acid methionine and possibly tryptophan. Seeds ovoid, 2×1.5 mm, strongly reticulate, dark brown, transversely ovate. Each medicinal plant species is provided with its scientific name, local name, chromosome number [4], plant parts (such as leaf, root, stem, fruit, latex, whole plant, seed, inflorescence and bark) mostly used and uses. Oil plants. Euphorbia is a very large and diverse genus of flowering plants, commonly called spurge, in the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae). Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) and Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera) are invasive weeds in North America. This latex is poisonous in the Euphorbioideae, but innocuous in the Crotonoideae. A total of 16 species under 8 genera belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae were collected and identified. The Heveatree provides rubber. 1987. The family contains a large variety of phytotoxins (toxic substances produced by plants), mainly diterrpene esters, alkaloids, glycosides, and ricin-type toxins [2]. Cassava roots are very rich in starch and contain significant amounts of calcium (50 mg/100g), phosphorus (40 mg/100g) and vitamin C (25 mg/100g). Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, List of plants in the family Euphorbiaceae, https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-plants-in-the-family-Euphorbiaceae-2039145. L. Vol. Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, in common English sometimes called "euphorbias", which is also the name of a genus in the family, is a large family of flowering plants with about 300 genera and 7,500 species. Seeds ellipsoid, grey, minutely foveolate. Search all collections. The leaves, stems and seeds conta-in alkaloid. Habitat: Gardens where it is cultivated as an ornamental plant. Skip to main content. A number of species of Baccaurea, Phyllanthus, and Antidesma are cultivated for their edible fruit. A number of plants of the spurge family are of considerable economic importance. As can be expected from such a large family, there is a wide variety in the structure of the flowers. A large variety occurs in tropical Africa, but they are not as abundant or varied as in these two other tropical regions. Flowers 7.5 mm across, yellowish-green, in loose, axillary, cymose panicles, 5-12.5 cm long. Capsule minute, hairy. Root bark and leaf also have purgative properties; decoction is used for rheumatism, inflammations and nervous disorders. Two important issues have come up. The plant is expectorant, diuretic, emetic and laxative. Family Euphorbiaceae, Genus Ricinus. Latex in the roots is more poisonous than in other parts of the plant. Medicinal uses: Bark and leaves used as medicine; leaves and fruits used as medicine for rheumatism. Here is how to tell if a desert plant is in the Euphorbiaceae family. Kew Bulletin 37: 1-40. Taxonomic description: It is a succulent climbing shrub growing to 1.8 m (5 ft 11 in) tall, with densely spiny stems, the straight, slender spines up to 3 cm long, which help it scramble over other plants. The following is a list of some of the major genera and species in Euphorbiaceae, arranged alphabetically by common name. The leaves are alternate, seldom opposite, with stipules. Taxonomic description: Euphorbia cotinifolia is a broadleaf evergreen shrub native to Mexico and South America. All the plants reported from the area have medicinal importance. Taxonomy and medicinal uses of the family Euphorbiaceae growing throughout the Rajshahi city, Bangladesh were studied during September 2012 to August 2013. Taxonomic description: A much branched small tree with cylindric, green, whorled or fascicled branchlets and white latex. Vol 6-12, 2007-2009. This family occurs mainly in the tropics, with the majority of the species in the Indo-Malayan region and tropical America. Taxonomic description: A soft-wooded erect shrub, up to 3 m tall, young shoots sparingly pubescent to subglabrous. Corrections? T&F logo. The present research work is based on the local knowledge of most commonly used medicinal plants of Euphorbiaceae family. Taxonomic description: The cassava root is long and tapered, with a firm, homogeneous flesh encased in a detachable rind, about 1mm thick, rough and brown on the outside. Medicinal Uses: Juice of the stem is purgative and carminative; useful in gonorrhea, whooping cough, asthma, dropsy, leprosy, enlarged spleen, dyspepsia, jaundice, colic, tumors and stone in the bladder. 464. Fruit a prickly capsule, 1.25-2.5 cm long, globosely oblong, of three 2-valved cocci. "Taxonomy and Medicinal Uses of Euphorbiaceae (Spurge) Family of Rajshahi, Bangladesh.". The extract of this plant has sedative effect on the mucous membrane of the respiratory and genito-urinary tract and on cardiovascular system. f., Euphorbia helioscopia L., Euphorbia milii L., Putranjiva roxburghii L. were rare species in the study area. Most spurges are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees. Male flowers: calyx lobes elliptic-lanceolate, corolla lobes broadly obovate, rounded, reddish-purple, stamens 8, the outer 2 mm long, the 3 inner c 3 mm long, anthers c 0.6 mm long. Taxonomic description: A small, slender, annual prostrate herb, more or less hispidly pubescent. Involucres clustered in the forks of the branchlets, shortly pedicelled, mostly female, campanulate. Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh Angiosperms; Dicotyledons. Leaves are laxative and antiparasiticide; ground with common salt or quicklime or lime juice applied externally in scabies. 7 Important Characters of Euphorbiaceae | ... , Plant Taxonomy, Spurge Family, Unisexuales. All the collected plant specimens were kept in the Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Fruit is a capsule covered with soft prickles that contains three hard, shiny, brown seeds. Medicinal Plants of Bangladesh (euphorbiaceae) Saturday, December 18, 2010 . Version 1.3. Search: Search all titles. It is also mildly irritating to the skin or stomach and may sometimes cause diarrhea and vomiting if eaten. Inflorescence axillary, solitary, spicate, shortly pedunculate. A woody cordon runs along the root's axis. Although plants in the spurge family can be … However, Euphorbia also has many species in non-tropical areas such as the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East, South Africa, and southern USA [2]. Hevea brasiliensis, rubber (tree) • Leaves: compound; leaflets elliptic/ tapering base/ acute apex; petioles long. Bangladesh, Dhaka. Some of the important ones are given below: 1. Local names: Shwet kerui, Dudhiya, Swetkan. India. (Chittagong hill, Bangladesh ) Antidesma velutinum (Scientific name) Pharmacological activity: No data found. Stem usually much-branched at the top, stem-leaves alternate, shortly stalked, obovate or spathulate, 1.3-5.0 cm long, lower ones smaller, tip finely toothed. Female flowers: present at the base of the inflorescence, stout, densely stellate-hairy, sepals lanceolate, ovary c 1 mm in diameter, broadly ellipsoid, densely hairy. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. This whole arrangement resembles a single flower. So they am commonly used as ornamental plants. "Euphorbia" is sometimes used in ordinary English to collectively refer to all members of Euphorbiaceae (in deference to the type genus), not just to members of the genus. The fruit is usually a schizocarp, but sometimes a drupe. Both roasted seed and seed oil is purgative, more drastic than those of Ricinus communis; applied topically in rheumatism, herpes and pruritus. Darlington, C.D., Wylie, A. P. Chromosome Atlas of Flowering Plants. Local names: Reri, Bherenda, Arenda, Gab-bherenda. Columbia University Press. This family occurs mainly in the tropics, with the majority of the species in the Indo-Malayan region and tropical America. Taxonomic description: A much-branched woody herb, 20-50 cm tall, branches moderately stellate-hairy to subglabrous. for wounds, inflammations and infections among others (Ankli et al., 1999). Pasha, M. K., Uddin, S. B. pp 74-80. Medicinal Uses: Seed oil is a strong purgative; used externally as a massage for rheumatic pains, joint pain, paralysis and internally for the treatment of constipation. Flowers laxly distributed. 3. Reeve and Co. Ltd. London. Mahbubur, and Momota Akter. Decoction of leaves is antidiarrhoeal; used in stomachache and in cough. It acts as a purgative in small doses, but in large doses it is an acrid irritant and emetic. Taxonomic description: A small annual herb, 15-50 cm high, hispid, with white latex. In this study 10 plants were found to be effective against many human diseases. Grown in the gardens as ornamental plant. Database on reference specimens for medicinal plants of the Euphorbiaceae family, conserved at the CNARP herbarium. Login; Hi, User . Species of Euphorbiaceae contained within The Plant List belong to 229 plant genera. The toxalbumin and ricin contained in the seed oil possesses anti-cancer properties. 1950. Male flowers 1.25 cm diam., crowded in the upper portion of the inflorescence, the female below. Prominent plants include cassava (Manihot esculenta), castor oil plant (Ricinus communis), Barbados nut (Jatropha curcas), and the Para rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). 2/10/2017 Euphorbiaceae 16 17. Medicinal Uses: Seeds are poisonous. Cronquist, A. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Updates? Angiospermic flora of Rajshahi district, Bangladesh. Local names: Bagh Verenda, Ban Verenda, Chanda, Jamalgota, Sadajeol, Baron. The Plant List includes a further 4,394 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the family Euphorbiaceae. Seeds are given with roasted pepper for the treatment of cholera. Recent molecular studies have shown that the enigmatic family Rafflesiaceae, which was only recently recognized to belong to order Malpighiales, is derived from within Euphorbiaceae [2]. Your Account. Fruit 2.5 cm long, ovoid. For the current name and up to date nomenclature [1, 6, 9] were also consulted. Powder of the dry leaves is given to children to expel worms; also given in the form of decoction with little garlic. Wat Phrik in Thailand claims to be the home of the world's tallest Christ plant. 56 pp. Members of the family known for beauty or usefulness include Euphorbia, commonly called spurge, which comprises a wide range of succulent plants, from lawn weeds to cactuslike plants and poinsettias; … The result of the survey in Ardawata village is show that various diseases are treated by herbal remedies. Milky latex is strongly purgative. Medicinal Uses: Flowers are used in diarrhea and similar disorders, boiled in water or administered in the form of a conserve. 1963. Its exceptional diversity of growth forms and near-cosmopolitan distribution have attracted human interest since ancient times. Fruits ellipsoid or rounded drupes, white velvety; seed normally one, stone pointed, rugose, very hard. 1-7. Habitat: Waste, moist and shady places and river banks. About 25 genera are found in North America. The twigs are used for tooth brushing when the gums are swollen. The worldwide distribution of the family exposes its members, to all sorts of habitats to which they must adapt, therefore inducing a large variety of chemicals (secondary substances) that are employed for survival/defense. Inflorescence leaf opposed, paniculate, peduncles 6-8 cm long, linear-lanceolate, ciliate. Others are useful for their waxes and oils and as a source of medicinal drugs; dangerous for their poisonous fruits, leaves, or sap; or attractive for their colourful bracts… The genera in tribe Euphorbieae, subtribe Euphorbiinae (Euphorbia and close relatives) show a highly specialized form of pseudanthium ("false flower" made up of several true flowers) called a cyathium. Database on reference specimens for medicinal plants of the Euphorbiaceae family, conserved at the CNARP herbarium Citation RAKOTONDRAJAONA R, RAKOTOARISOA M, Ranaivo J, RAKOTONANDRASANA S, RANDRIAMBANONA H (2018). Chittagong, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Juice of tender leaves is given with sugar or sugar candy in dysentery. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Fruit a capsule, pale brown, sparsely stellate-hairy. Other common names are milky mangrove, buta buta (Malay), and gewa (Bangladesh). Kew Botanical Gardens, Richmond. Medicinal Uses: The leaves are used on boils and carbuncles, eczema and itches. Male flowers pedicellate, slender, glabrous, petals smaller than sepals, white, hairy at the base, stamens 12. The leaves are used as galactagogue, and in headache. In this review, we have tried to demonstrate why Euphorbiaceae are important medicinal plants. Chemical constituents: Antidesma roxburahie Pharmacological activity: Puangpronpitag D, et al. Euphorbiaceae definition is - a widely distributed family of herbs, shrubs, or trees (order Geraniales) with usually milky often poisonous juice, unisexual flowers, and a superior usually trilocular ovary and including several medicinal plants (such as those yielding castor oil and croton oil), several trees yielding caoutchouc, and the cassava. Out of the total number of species Acalypha indica L., Euphorbia hirta L., Euphorbia thymifolia L., Euphorbia tirucalli L., Euphorbia pulcherrima L., Euphorbia cotinifolia L., Croton bonplandianum Baill., Codiaeum variegatum (L.) A. Lalit Mohan Basu, Alhabad, India. Style spreading, recurved, united at the base, 0.7 mm long, bi-partite,the stigma slightly swollen. The authors are grateful to the local people of Rajshahi city for their co-operation and help during the research work. Format), Citation-(BibTeX Rubber: Several species of Hevea, Man/hot gives common rubber in their latex. The foliage generally dies back in winter. Rahman, A.H.M. 1999. Taxonomic description: A shrub or small tree, typically reaching a height of 0.6–4 m. (1 ft 10 in–13 ft 1 in). The males not seen, the females 30 cm long, very densely flowered with a puberculous axis and minute ovate bracts, bright red on account of masses of style. Male flowers: pedicels 1-2 cm long, sepals sub orbicular, concave, glabrous, greenish or yellowish-white, petals 5-6, bilobate. Leaf, stem, bark, root, flower even whole plant also used to make remedy. Citation-(RIS Newer Post Older Post Home. Medicinal Uses: Plants are emetic, expectorant, laxative and diuretic; useful in bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma and pulmonary tuberculosis. At the same time, the plants require abundant light during the day for the brightest color. The stamens (the male organs) can number from one to 10 (or even more). Male flowers, with short stalks, in rounded axillary clusters, female flowers 1-3 in leaf axil. The Euphorbiaceae of Cental Malesia (Celebes, Moluccas, Lesser Sunda Is.). The Euphorbiaceae, or spurge, family contains around 7,000 species in 218 genera, comprising herbaceous annuals and perennials, woody shrubs and trees, plus a few climbers. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. The sap of the plant and leaves are styptic; applied to wounds and refractory ulcers; very effective in the treatment of scabies, eczema, ringworm and toothache. 1(3): 105-112. Habitat: Waste places, fallow lands, paddy fields and roadsides. Male inflorescence 15-35 cm long,bract minute. Cassava root is a good source of carbohydrates, but a poor source of protein. Many members are important food sources. The juice is considered tonic, narcotic, antiasthmatic and febrifuge; effective against dysentery, diarrhoea and colic; especially in amoebiasis. Leaves and seeds are astringent, stimulant, anthelmintic and laxative; given to children in bowel complaints. However, Euphorbia also has many species in … Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. In medicine, some species of Euphorbiaceae have proved effective against genital herpes [2]. Most of the appeal comes from the leaf color. Small linear-oblong leaves appear in the rainy season, 6-13 mm long. (Eds). Introduction to Economic Importance of EUPHORBIACEAE Family. The present study may be a preliminary contribution of this area using standard research methods, focusing on medicinal plants and their local uses for the healthcare. Judd, W. S., Campbell, C. S., Kellog, Stevens, P. F. Plant Systematics: a Phylogenetic Approach. plants of the Euphorbiaceae family that are used by the Santhal tribe of Santhal Pargana. Charles, C. D., Maribeth, L., Daniel, L. N., Kenneth, J. W., David, A. Capsules small, hispid. Medicinal Uses: The plant is used as antiseptic. A typical schizocarp is the regma, a capsular fruit with three or more cells, each of which splits open at maturity into separate parts and then breaks away explosively, scattering the small seeds. The female flowers are hypogynous, that is, with superior ovaries [2]. Its classification and chemistry have of late been subjects of interest possibly because Euphorbiaceae like Euphorbia ptercineura for asthma and cough; Croton peraeruginosus for pimples and Phyllanthus micrandrus Müll. Fruit a trilobite or subglobose capsule, smooth, reddish-brown, marbled. Ahmed, Z. U., Begum, Z. N. T., Hassan, M. A., Khondker, M., Kabir, S. M. H., Ahmad, M., Ahmed, A. T. A., Rahman, A. K. A., Haque, E. U. Medicinal Uses: Its latex can cause an allergic reaction in sensitive individuals. Ethnopharmacological relevance: The genus Euphorbia (spurges, Euphorbiaceae) is the third largest genus of flowering plants, with almost 2000 species. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Besides, this, the common people of the surveyed localities who themselves have used these plant-based medicines for health treatments were interviewed to prove veracity of the curative features of plants. This is usually a small, cup-like involucre consisting of fused-together bracts and peripheral nectary glands, surrounding a ring of male flowers, each a single stamen. Hooker, J.D. Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants with 300 genera and around 7,500 species. DOI: 10.12691/plant-1-3-5, Received November 25, 2013; Revised December 02, 2013; Accepted December 11, 2013. The flesh can be chalk-white or yellowish. Euphorbiaceae is among the large flowering plant families consisting of a w ide v arie ty of vegetativ e forms some of which are plants of great importan ce. These plants are being used for the treatment of Fruit a capsule, 3 mm across, smooth, minutel y net veined. It as a cure for cancer, and it can cure warts. Thorns appear in clusters of two, with green leaves sometimes appearing at the same The stem-juice in nostri-ls to cure headache. The different plants surveyed included Jatropha gossypifolia, Euphorbia species, Phyllanthus species, Tragia involucarata and Ricinus communis. ... Airy Shaw, HK 1982. Fruit a capsule. Bischofia Javanica; (Eng.-Bishop wood; Verna-Bhillar)- A tree. The family Euphorbiaceae is one of the largest family of flowering plants comprising of plants with over 300 genera and 8,000 species. Acalypha hispida; An ornamental herb. Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants with 300 genera and around 7,500 species. Taxonomic description: A large deciduous shrub with sucullent stem. Its classification and chemistry have of late been subjects of interest possibly because of the wide variety of chemical composition of its members, many of which are poisonous but useful. An alphabetical enumeration of the Euphorbiaceae of the Philippine Islands. Today estimate that most of the people in developing countries still relays on traditional medicine based largely on species of plants in human being and animals for their primary healthcare. The most easily confused plants with cacti are the xeric adapted plants of the Euphorbiaceae family. Decoction is useful in asthma and chronic bronchial affections. The Phyllanthus emblica's (Gooseberry) fleshy fruits are very much rich in vitamin C. The fruit is suitable for eating and pickled. Medicinal Uses: The sap is toxic and can cause skin eczema in some people. 2013. Medicinal Uses: Whole plant is used to remedy sores. The name Jatropha is derived from the Greek word ‘‘jatros’’ (doctor) and ‘‘trophe’’ (food), which implies its medicinal uses (Kumar and Sharma, 2008). Euphorbiaceae family contains approximately 170 known species. This enormous genus belongs to the very diverse Euphorbia Family (Euphorbiaceae) with at least 7,500 species. A large variety occurs in tropical Africa, but they are not as abundant or varied as in these two other tropical regions. 2013. [citation needed] Most [citation needed] spurges are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees.Some are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. Medicinal Uses: The fresh plant is considered vulnerary and galactagogue; used in ophthalmia and other eye troubles, ardor, sores, atrophy, dysentery and breast pain. In some African countries, cassava leaves are consumed as vegetable. … Capsules minute, hairy. Euphorbiaceae is an important family which contains numerous medicinal plants.